Which of the following is considered a violation of federal fair housing law?

The correct choice is the scenario in which a private homeowner advertises a house share using the phrase "No minorities." This is a clear violation of federal fair housing law, specifically the Fair Housing Act, which prohibits discrimination in housing based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, familial status, and disability. Using discriminatory language in advertising directly undermines the principle of equal access to housing for all individuals, regardless of their background. Such statements reinforce systemic inequalities and can lead to widespread discrimination, making this phrase particularly problematic.

The other scenarios, while potentially unfair or problematic, may not necessarily constitute violations of federal law. For instance, a landlord refusing to rent to anyone under a certain age might not always violate fair housing laws if the refusal is based on a legitimate business decision, such as insurance requirements or local laws. Similarly, the actions of the private homeowner regarding a pregnant woman or a family may fall into the exceptions outlined in the Fair Housing Act, which provides certain exemptions, particularly for owner-occupied properties with fewer than four units. Thus, the specificity and clarity of the discrimination in the "No minorities" advertisement clearly violate established federal protections.